Zovuta Zazikulu Zazingwe Zomanga Nyumba Zaulimi
Mosiyana ndi nyumba zogona kapena zamalonda, malo aulimi amagwira ntchito m'malo ovuta kwambiri omwe denga limakhala ndi chinyezi chosalekeza, mpweya wowononga, kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Kusankha cholakwikazipangizo zofolerera zaulimiakhoza kuonjezera kwambiri ndalama zosamalira ndikufupikitsa moyo wautumiki wa nyumba yonseyo.
Kaya mukukonzekera nyumba yoweta nkhuku ku Brazil, famu ya mkaka ku Ulaya, famu ya nkhumba ku Southeast Asia, kapena nyumba yosungiramo mbewu ku Middle East, funso lomweli likugwiranso ntchito:
Kodi mungasankhire bwanji zofolera pafamu zomwe zimagwira ntchito-kwanthawi yayitali osakonza pang'ono?
Yankho limayamba ndikumvetsetsa zovuta zomwe denga lanu liyenera kupirira.
Vuto Loyamba: Zimbiri M'nyumba Zoweta
Zimbiri ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa denga m'nyumba zaulimi.
Malo odyetsera ziweto monga nyumba za nkhuku, minda ya nkhumba, ndi nkhokwe za mkaka nthawi zonse amatulutsa mpweya ndi chinyezi chomwe chimawononga zida zofolera zakale. Ammonia wotulutsidwa kuchokera ku manyowa amavuta kwambiri kufolera ndi zitsulo. Nthawi zambiri dzimbiri zimayamba mozungulira zitsulo, m'mphepete mwake, ndi denga lopindika lisanafalikire padenga.
Pakapita nthawi, izi zitha kukhala:
- Denga likutuluka
- Zomangira zotayirira
- Kuwonongeka kwamapangidwe
- Kukonza pafupipafupi
- Ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito zapamwamba
Ichi ndichifukwa chake makontrakitala ambiri akufufuzadenga lopanda dzimbiri, anti-padenga la dzimbiri pamafamu,ndidenga la nyumba za ziwetom’malo mongodalira denga lachitsulo lokhazikika.
Vuto Lachiwiri: Kutentha Kwambiri-Mmwamba ndi Kusamalira Zinyama
Zipangizo zomangira denga zimakhudza mwachindunji nyengo yamkati ya nyumba zaulimi.
M'madera otentha ndi otentha, madenga azitsulo amatha kuyamwa mphamvu zambiri za dzuwa masana. Kutentha komwe kumasokonekera kumasamutsidwa mnyumbamo, kumawonjezera kutentha kwamkati ndikuyika kupsinjika kwa ziweto.
Popanga nkhuku ndi mkaka, kutentha kwambiri kungayambitse:
- Kuchepetsa kudya
- Kuchepetsa kupanga bwino
- Kukwera mtengo kwa mpweya wabwino
- Kupsinjika kwa kutentha
- Kuchepetsa chitonthozo cha nyama
Mafamu akamayendetsedwa ndiukadaulo-, eni mapulojekiti akuwunika kwambirikutentha-zinthu zofolerera zosagwira ntchito, mphamvu-zomangira denga zamafamu moyenera,ndimapepala ofolerera opangira nyengo yotentha.
Cholinga sikungofuna kuti mvula isagwe-ndikupanga malo athanzi komanso okhazikika kwa nyama.
Chovuta Chachitatu: Chinyezi, Kufupikitsa, ndi Kutaya kwa Madzi
Chinyezi ndi vuto linanso lalikulu pantchito yaulimi.
Kuundana kumachitika nthawi zambiri mpweya wofunda wa m'nyumba ukakumana ndi malo ozizirirapo ozizira. Pakapita nthawi, izi zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto monga:
- Kukula kwa nkhungu
- Kuwonongeka kwa chakudya
- Zida dzimbiri
- Insulation yonyowa
- Madzi akutuluka mkati mwa nyumba za ziweto
Kwa malo osungirako tirigu ndi malo osungiramo chakudya, ngakhale denga laling'ono lotayirira likhoza kuwononga zinthu zamtengo wapatali ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka.
Zamakonomachitidwe ofolera mafamuChoncho muyenera kupereka ntchito yabwino yosalowa madzi kwinaku mukuchepetsa nkhani za condensation kudzera m'mapangidwe oyenera ndi mpweya wabwino.
Chovuta Chachinayi: Kuchulukitsa Mtengo Wokonza
Nyumba zambiri zaulimi zimagwira ntchito mosalekeza chaka chonse. Mosiyana ndi nyumba zogona, kutseka ntchito zokonza denga sikothandiza.
Kusintha zida zowonongeka m'khola la nkhuku kapena khola la ziweto kungafune:
- Zida zosunthira
- Kusokoneza kupanga
- Ntchito yowonjezera
- Njira zokhwima zachitetezo cha bio
- Kutetezedwa kwakanthawi kwa ziweto ndi chakudya
Ndalama zosalunjika izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwera kwambiri kuposa mtengo wazinthu zofolera zokha.
Pachifukwa ichi, ochita zaulimi amaganizira kwambirimakina -okonza zofoleram'malo mongosankha chinthu chotsika mtengo.
Momwe Mungasankhire Zida Zapamwamba Zaulimi Zofolerera
Palibe njira yofolera yapadziko lonse lapansi yoyenera projekiti iliyonse yaulimi. Komabe, mainjiniya odziwa zambiri nthawi zambiri amawunika zida zofolera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zofunika.
1. Kukaniza kwa dzimbiri
Kwa nyumba zoweta, kukana dzimbiri nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Zopangira denga ziyenera kuchita bwino m'malo okhala:
- Ammonia
- Chinyezi chachikulu
- Ma organic acid
- Kuyeretsa mankhwala
Zipangizo zokhala ndi dzimbiri zolimba zimatha kuchepetsa kwambiri zofunika pakukonza nyumbayo nthawi yonse yamoyo.
2. Kulimbana ndi Nyengo
Nyumba zaulimi zimakumana ndi zovuta zakunja chaka ndi chaka.
A khalidwedongosolo denga dengaayenera kukana:
- Ma radiation a UV
- Mvula yamphamvu
- Mphepo zamphamvu
- Tikuoneni (ngati kuli koyenera)
- Kusinthasintha kwa kutentha
Nyengo-zida zofolerera zosagwira ntchito zanyengo zimathandiza kuti zisamangidwe bwino komanso ziziwoneka bwino kwa zaka zambiri.
3. Moyo Wautumiki
Nyumba zaulimi ndizinthu zanthawi yayitali-. Kusintha denga lonse pakangopita zaka zochepa kungakhale kokwera mtengo komanso kosokoneza.
Poyerekezadenga la nyumba zaulimi, osunga ndalama ayenera kuwunika:
- Moyo woyembekezeka
- Mawu a chitsimikizo
- Kukhazikika-kwanthawi yayitali
- Kukana kukalamba
Kuyang'ana kupyola pamtengo wogulira woyambira nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zisankho zabwino zogulira.
4. Kukhazikitsa Mwachangu
Ndondomeko zomanga ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito zikupitilira kukwera padziko lonse lapansi.
Zida zofolera zopepuka komanso zosavuta kuziyika zingathandize kuchepetsa:
- Nthawi yomanga
- Ndalama zogwirira ntchito
- Kutsegula mwadongosolo
- Ndalama zoyendera
Pazinthu zazikulu{{0}zosungiramo zinthu zambiri, nyumba zoweta ziweto, ndi kosungirako, kuyika bwino kungakhudze kwambiri ndalama zonse za polojekiti.
5. Zofunikira Zosamalira
Machitidwe abwino kwambiri opangira denga ndi omwe amafunikira chidwi chochepa pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa.
Powunika zopangira denga, eni polojekiti ayenera kufunsa:
- Kodi kuyendera kudzafunika kangati?
- Kodi kukonza ndikosavuta?
- Kodi mtengo woyembekezeka wokonza ndi wotani pazaka 20?
- Kodi zigawo zina zilipo mosavuta?
Dongosolo la denga lomwe limakhala ndi mtengo wokwera pang'ono lingapereke phindu lalikulu ngati lingachepetse kukonza nthawi yonse yanyumbayo.
Kupitilira Mtengo Wazinthu: Kuwunika Mtengo Wonse wa Mwini
Chimodzi mwazosintha zazikulu pakumanga zaulimi ndikusintha kuchokeramtengo wogulakumtengo wamoyo.
M'malo mofunsa:
"Ndi denga liti lomwe ndi lotsika mtengo kwambiri?"
Opanga ndalama odziwa zambiri tsopano akufunsa kuti:
- Ndi denga liti lomwe likhala nthawi yayitali?
- Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimafuna kusamalidwa pang'ono?
- Ndi njira iti yomwe imachepetsa nthawi yopanga?
- Ndi denga liti lomwe limapereka phindu labwino kwambiri pazachuma zaka 20?
Njira iyi imayendetsa kufunikira kwazolimba zofolerera zaulimi, dzimbiri-padenga losagwira ntchito,ndinjira-zomangira denga kwa moyo wonsem'misika yazaulimi yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Zomwe Zili Patsogolo mu Gawo 3
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